Afshar Honarvar; Alireza Ghanbari Firouzabadi; Mahdi Khatibzade
Abstract
Importance of sport tourism marketing as a field of study in sport tourism has emphasized now more than before. Firsr step in marketing is market segmentation and for this, information about characteristics and needs of customers are of special importance. Researches have shown that indexes like population, ...
Read More
Importance of sport tourism marketing as a field of study in sport tourism has emphasized now more than before. Firsr step in marketing is market segmentation and for this, information about characteristics and needs of customers are of special importance. Researches have shown that indexes like population, age clusters distribution, Income, sex, number of family members, spatial distribution of the population, amount of leisure time, ethnic group, education, activities, interests and attitudes, technical knowledge, buy and use behavior, expectations from product, consumption amount, and also place of residence will affect on tourism behavior and are criterias for market segmentation and selecting target markets. So the purpose of this study was to determine the demographic characteristics and preferences of sport tourists in Iran. The research method was descriptive. The sample of study consisted of 177 Iranian sport tourist and 125 foreigner sport tourists. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect the data (the validity was approved by experienced professors in sport management and its reliability was verified by Cronbachs alpha method, α=0/775). Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data by SPSS software. The results showed that about 60 % of the samples were athlete and most of them were young (27 years in average) and male (%91). Most foreigner sport tourists had come from the neighbors countries to Iran. Although sport tourists had not good salaries, the money they tend to spent for the trip was nearly equal to their monthly income. Educational degree of most sport tourists (53 %) was diploma and lower. First interested area for sport tourism was "sea and other water activities" and first interested media for sport tourism ads was TV. The most important reason for sport tourists travelling was the sport event itself and the favorite season for them was spring. Results showed that sport tourists have specific characters which almost differ from other kind of tourists. So these special characteristics should be considered in planning for attracting them and a marketing planning which targeted on all kind of tourists, can not pull sport tourists to the event place.
Akbar Jaberi; Masood Naderian Jahromi; Farzaneh Mazloumi Sovini
Abstract
Today , attracting spectators to stadiums is one of major concerns in professional soccer , that can provide the clubs with more income potentials . The aim of this study was to study the spectators'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ...
Read More
Today , attracting spectators to stadiums is one of major concerns in professional soccer , that can provide the clubs with more income potentials . The aim of this study was to study the spectators'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' perspectives about the role of improving quality services of stadiums in attracting spectators .This study was a descriptive-survey and practical one, and the research population was all the spectators in Isfahan. Based on formula , a sample of (N=320) spectator has been selected through random sampling. The data was collected through a researcher made questionnaire with 36 items (α=/95). An Independent T test and a multivariate analysis of variance(MANOVA) were used to analyze the data .The results showed that paying attention to spectators'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' needs and expects, significantly, leads to attracting more spectators .
Maryam Dabagh Torghabey; reza Sabounchi; Hosein Poursoltani Zarandi
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to study the relationship between leadership style (pragmatic style &transformational style) and self- efficacy among sport managers. 137 sport managers were selected through random sampling according to Morgan’s table. The research scale involved two standard ...
Read More
The aim of the current study was to study the relationship between leadership style (pragmatic style &transformational style) and self- efficacy among sport managers. 137 sport managers were selected through random sampling according to Morgan’s table. The research scale involved two standard questionnaires including MIQ leadership style questionnaire with 41 items as well as kooper’s self- efficacy with 35 items. The reliability was found to be 0/79 for leadership style questionnaire and 0/81 for self- efficacy questionnaire based on Chronbach’s alpha. Descriptive and inferencial statistics such as Colmogrovsmirnov and spearman correlation coefficient were applied for data analysis. The most important findings were as follow: there was a significant relationship between transformational leadership style and self- efficacy among sport managers. There was a significant difference in self- efficacy of sport managers. The managers with transformational leadership style had the most self- efficacy, and the pragmatic andmanagers had the next ranking respectively.
Fahymeh Neghin Taji; Mahdi Moradi; Zahrra Moradi; seyed abdolhammid Ahmadi
Abstract
Today aggressions as an unseperatable part of sport fields, but its volume depends on the type of sport and its popularity. The current research is content analysis and a descriptive one. 3 well known sport newspaper(Khabarevarzeshi, Abrarevarzeshi, and Iranevarzeshi) from farvardin of 1392 to Esfand ...
Read More
Today aggressions as an unseperatable part of sport fields, but its volume depends on the type of sport and its popularity. The current research is content analysis and a descriptive one. 3 well known sport newspaper(Khabarevarzeshi, Abrarevarzeshi, and Iranevarzeshi) from farvardin of 1392 to Esfand of 1392 were selected for data analysis. Based on analysis, the most aggressive behaviors were found in football league. Most of these aggressions occurred football matches and exercises. Most of these aggressions were committed by players and spectators that often extended to outside of stadiums. According to this fact that 93 percent of aggressions were found in football, the presented structure can be related to the different aspects of football, in which spectator-player identification, imitation, replacement, social and observational learning, can be more possible. This shows that football is a suitable place for releasing excitement, compensating failure, and solving suppressed social and political complex. It is remarkable that football play an important role in creating group identity.
Ryhaneh Ramouz; Habib Honari; Zahrra Moradi; Maryam Tabatabai
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to study the relationship between using mobile phone and personality characteristics among physical education students. The research method is correlative that is a field study and practical. The research population involved 1635 students. 313 students were selected through ...
Read More
The aim of the current study was to study the relationship between using mobile phone and personality characteristics among physical education students. The research method is correlative that is a field study and practical. The research population involved 1635 students. 313 students were selected through random sampling according to Morgan’s table, and finally 340 questionnaires were gathered. The research scale involved two standard questionnaires including Neo’s mobile phone application and personality characteristics(NEO-FFI-R) . The data was analyzed through spearman correlation and linear regression. The findings showed that among personality characteristics, just the psychosis had a significant and negative relationship with mobile phone using. In addition, none of personality characteristics had relationship with the type of mobile usage. It was also found that psychosis had a positive relationship with mobile games and a negative relationship with listening to music by mobile. Just extraversion and had positive relationship with listening to music by mobile. So it can be concluded that among personality characteristics the psychosis is the best predictor of type and rate of mobile phone usage.
Mohammad Rahimi; Mohammadreza Soufi; Mahdi Shariati feyzabadi
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to predict the success of presented countries at the Guangzhou 2010 Paraasian Games by Demo-economic factors. The present study was casual comparative and applied. The statistical population consisted of 41 countries at the Guangzhou 2010 Paraasian Games ( not previously ...
Read More
The purpose of this study was to predict the success of presented countries at the Guangzhou 2010 Paraasian Games by Demo-economic factors. The present study was casual comparative and applied. The statistical population consisted of 41 countries at the Guangzhou 2010 Paraasian Games ( not previously analyzed).The statistical sample was 10 countries have gotten medals in that games. The data were collected from different English and Persian evidences and valid websites :World Bank web site and Olympic Council of Asia .One Way ANOVA and Step by Step Multiple Regression tests utilized. The results showed a significant relationship between the success of countries at the Guangzhou 2010 Asian Games and all factors of Demo-economic (Population ,GDP ,Health Expense and Team size).The results of step by step Multiple Regression analysis showed that among Demo-economic factors , Team size (R2=0/55 , P<0.0001) and population (R2=0/47 , P<0.0001) were able to significantly predict the success of countries at the Guangzhou 2010 Asian Games.
Reza Soleymani Moghadam; Mahdi Nazemi; Hossein Darbani; Iraj Eyvazi
Abstract
The purpose of the present research is the study of the safety of Kermanshah province educational gymnasiums from the manager's view point. The research method was descriptive and survey. The population includes all the gymnasiumsand their managers in the Kermanshah. Measurement tool are gymnasiums safetyassessment ...
Read More
The purpose of the present research is the study of the safety of Kermanshah province educational gymnasiums from the manager's view point. The research method was descriptive and survey. The population includes all the gymnasiumsand their managers in the Kermanshah. Measurement tool are gymnasiums safetyassessment check lists which their reliability determined by CronbachAlpha (0/86). The required data gathereddirectly through managers and then checklists was collected.The data was analyzed by descriptive statistics. The descriptive results among all forty two gymnasiums of the province are as follow: the condition of installations and gymnasium buildings is average with the mean score 138/3. The safety of gymnasiums playground results showed that they are in a good condition (the mean was 304/82). The safety of equipment used in the gymnasiums was average with the mean 180/92.
